Frans Krajcberg

Frans Krajcberg (Kozienice, Poland 1921 – Rio de Janeiro 2017)

Frans Krajcberg was a Brazilian painter, sculptor, printmaker, photographer, and visual artist of Polish origin. Born in Kozienice on April 12, 1921, and passing away in Rio de Janeiro on November 15, 2017, his work is profoundly marked by the traumatic experiences of World War II and by his commitment to environmental preservation.

During World War II, in 1939, Frans Krajcberg sought refuge in the Soviet Union, where he studied engineering and the arts at Leningrad University. The war brought the loss of his family in concentration camps; his mother was hanged by the Nazis, and he himself was imprisoned before escaping and serving as an engineer in the Red Army, even contributing to bridge construction. This brutal experience deeply shaped his worldview and would intensely influence his art, imbuing it with emotional and protestive force. After the war, Krajcberg moved to Germany, continuing his studies at the Academy of Fine Arts in Stuttgart under the guidance of the renowned artist Willy Baumeister.

In 1948, Frans Krajcberg arrived in Brazil, beginning his artistic journey and participating in the 1st São Paulo International Biennial in 1951. During that decade, his work was predominantly abstract. However, after this period, his relationship with nature became central to his practice. Throughout the 1950s, Krajcberg lived in various places, including Paris, Ibiza, and Rio de Janeiro. In Paris, he encountered influential figures such as Fernand Léger and Marc Chagall, who shaped his artistic formation. It is said that he once lived in a cave at Pico da Cata Branca, in Itabirito, Minas Gerais, earning the nickname “the bearded man of the stones,” living in isolation while tirelessly creating stone sculptures and prints, maintaining an intimate connection with nature.

In 1956, Frans Krajcberg settled in Rio de Janeiro, where he shared a studio with sculptor Franz Weissmann. He became a naturalized Brazilian in 1957. During this period, he began exploring sculptures made from dead cedar wood, marking a new phase in his career. From 1964 onwards, his expeditions to the Amazon and the Pantanal in Mato Grosso, where he documented the devastating effects of deforestation and fires, further influenced his work. It was during these journeys that Krajcberg began using charred trunks and roots collected from forests and rivers, creating sculptures that denounced environmental destruction. These works, born from devastation, propelled his international recognition and, by the 1970s, established him as one of the leading figures of the ecological art movement in Brazil.

In 1972, Frans Krajcberg settled in Nova Viçosa, Bahia, founding Sítio Natura, a residence and studio that became a center for creation and environmental preservation. The 1.2 km² property, which includes remnants of Atlantic Forest and mangroves, was cultivated by Krajcberg with over ten thousand native plant seedlings. The residence, designed by his friend and architect Zanine Caldas, is famously built seven meters above the ground atop a pequi tree trunk measuring 2.60 meters in diameter. Sítio Natura also attracted prominent figures of Brazilian culture, such as Chico Buarque, Oscar Niemeyer, and Dorival Caymmi. In the following years, the space was expanded with plans for five new pavilions, destined for the creation of the Frans Krajcberg Museum, a milestone for preserving his work and legacy. Additionally, two structures designed by architect Jaime Cupertino now house over three hundred of the artist’s works.

Frans Krajcberg’s artistic practice reflects his profound connection with nature, particularly the Amazon rainforest. Beyond sculpture, he dedicated himself to photography, especially in his later years, documenting environmental devastation around him. Throughout his career, he also had to temporarily abandon painting due to oil paint poisoning, which led him to focus even more intensely on using natural elements in his art. Over the course of his life, he received more than two thousand awards, authored fourteen books, and participated in 206 group exhibitions across 33 countries. He also organized 92 solo exhibitions between 1945 and 2012 in 28 countries, establishing himself as a central figure in contemporary art worldwide. His life and work were immortalized in over thirty documentaries and films produced in Brazil and internationally. In 2003, the Espaço Frans Krajcberg opened at the Curitiba Botanical Garden, featuring 114 works donated by the artist, including sculptures and photographs.

In 2008, Frans Krajcberg received the Grand Prize from the São Paulo Association of Art Critics (APCA), and in 2009, he was appointed Knight of the Order of Ipiranga by the Government of the State of São Paulo. The honor was bestowed by then-Governor José Serra, recognizing his unique contribution to Brazilian art and culture. On June 2, 2009, Krajcberg donated his entire artistic collection to the State of Bahia through a public usufruct deed, ensuring that his legacy would be preserved for future generations. However, the management of this legacy became controversial after his death, including a 2022 dispute over the removal of works from Sítio Natura and the demolition of a historic property belonging to the artist in Nova Viçosa. At the time, the courts recognized the exclusive right of the State of Bahia to administer the collection. During his lifetime, he authored 11 national manifestos and more than 50 "public cries," publishing his ideas on art, ecology, and social transformation.

After his passing in 2017, Frans Krajcberg continued to be celebrated. In 2021, the biography Frans Krajcberg – O Poeta da Árvore, written by Athylla Borborema, was published as part of the centenary celebrations of his birth. In 2022, a major exhibition featuring 160 of his works was organized by MuBE – Brazilian Museum of Sculpture and Ecology in São Paulo, in partnership with IPAC – Institute of Artistic and Cultural Heritage of Bahia, reaffirming the relevance of his artistic production and his environmental message.

Frans Krajcberg became renowned not only for the originality of his art but also for his relentless pursuit of a more conscious and sustainable world. He fused his artistic practice with environmental activism, becoming a prominent figure in Brazil’s ecological movement. For many years, he refused the label of “visual artist,” preferring to be recognized as an ecological activist. His home at Sítio Natura in Nova Viçosa became a symbol of this union between art and nature, where he spent the last 45 years of his life, creating a legacy that continues to inspire artists, researchers, collectors, and environmentalists around the world.

Critical Commentary

Frans Krajcberg was born in Poland and arrived in Brazil in 1948, seeking to rebuild his life after losing his family in a concentration camp during World War II. Trained in engineering and the arts at Leningrad University, Krajcberg began his artistic trajectory in Brazil. After a period in Paraná, he moved to Rio de Janeiro, sharing a studio with sculptor Franz Weissmann. In this early phase, his abstract paintings in ochres and grays evoked the Paraná forest, with vigorous, interlaced lines.

Between 1958 and 1964, Krajcberg lived in Paris and alternated with stays in Ibiza, Spain. He produced works on Japanese paper molded over stones, painted with oil or gouache. These compositions evoked volcanic or lunar landscapes and resulted from direct contact with nature. In Ibiza, he also created the “cracked earth” series, monochromatic reliefs using pigments extracted from soils and minerals. For critic Frederico Morais, nature became the true raw material of Krajcberg’s art.

Back in Brazil in 1964, Krajcberg set up his studio in Cata Branca, Minas Gerais. His production began to explore color and three-dimensional space intensively. This period gave rise to the shadows cut out series, in which vines and roots engage with geometric wooden forms, creating visual contrasts and projected shadows.

In 1972, Krajcberg settled in Nova Viçosa, Bahia, and deepened his sculptural research using trunks and roots as expressive elements. His sculptures seemed to emerge from the ground or reach skyward, as gestures of resistance and freedom. From 1978 onward, his environmental activism became central: “Through my work, I express the planet’s outraged consciousness.” On expeditions to the Amazon and Mato Grosso, he documented fires and deforestation through photography and incorporated charred trunks into his sculptures.

In the 1980s, Krajcberg created a series of “prints” using plaster molds of embaúba leaves and other centennial trees, transferred onto Japanese paper. Around the same time, the Africana series emerged, combining roots, vines, and palm stems with mineral pigments. Photography was a constant presence in his work, serving as both documentation and a tool for protest, particularly in images of his sculptures in dialogue with the sea.

Throughout his career, Frans Krajcberg maintained an artistic vision deeply connected to nature. The Brazilian landscape, especially the Amazon rainforest, and environmental advocacy became the central pillars of his production. His work consistently sought to denounce environmental destruction and reaffirm the value of natural life.

Solo Exhibitions

1945 - Stuttgart (Germany) - Solo, at the Refugee Center
1951 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria Domus
1952 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at MAM/SP
1954 - Curitiba PR - Solo, at the Municipal Library
1955 - Monte Alegre PR - Solo, at Hotel Monte Alegre
1955 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1956 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria GEA
1956 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at MAM/SP
1960 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie du XX Siècle
1960 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Bonino
1962 - Milan (Italy) - Solo, at Galleria del Naviglio
1962 - Oslo (Norway) - Solo, at Galerie 27
1962 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie du XX Siècle
1962 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1962 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria São Luís
1963 - Ibiza (Spain) - Solo, at Galeria Ivan Spence
1963 - Rome (Italy) - Solo, at Galleria Casa do Brasil
1963 - Rome (Italy) - Solo, at Galleria d'Arte della Casa do Brasil
1964 - Belo Horizonte MG - Solo, at Museu de Arte da Pampulha
1964 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie La Hune
1964 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1964 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at MAM/RJ
1966 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie Debret
1966 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie J
1966 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Relevo
1967 - Atlanta (United States) - Solo, at Illien Gallery
1967 - Salvador (Bahia) - Solo, at Galeria Querino
1968 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie Maywald
1968 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Barcinski
1969 - Adenhauer (Netherlands) - Solo, at Philips Museum
1969 - Adenhauer (Netherlands) - Solo, at Philips Museum
1969 - Jerusalem (Israel) - Solo, at The Israel Museum of Art
1970 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1972 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Espace Pierre Cardin
1972 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria Múltipla de Arte - awarded Best Exhibition
1972 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria Ralph Camargo
1973 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie du XX Siècle
1973 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Maison de France
1974 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at MAM/RJ
1975 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Centre Georges Pompidou
1975 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Centre National d'Art Contemporain
1976 - Brasília DF - Solo, at Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal
1976 - Caen (France) - Solo, at Musée National de Beaux-Arts
1976 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria Arte Global
1978 - Vitória ES - Solo, at Galeria Homero Massena
1979 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Skultura Galeria de Arte
1980 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Gravura Brasileira
1980 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Petite Galerie
1981 - Curitiba PR - Solo, at Sala Miguel Bakun
1981 - Curitiba PR - Solo, at Solar do Rosário
1981 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Jean Boghici
1981 - São Paulo SP - Krajcberg, at Skultura Galeria de Arte
1983 - Stockholm (Sweden) - Solo, at Cupido Bildkonst
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Frans Krajcberg: Photographs, at MAM/RJ
1986 - Fortaleza CE - Solo, at Arte Galeria
1986 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie Charles Sablon
1986 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Krajcberg: Sculptures, at Galeria Thomas Cohn
1986 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Krajcberg: Photographs, at Petite Galerie
1986 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Krajcberg: Reliefs, at GB ARTe
1986 - São Paulo SP - Solo, at Galeria Arco
1988 - Boulogne-sur-Mer (France) - Solo, at Centre Cultural Boulogne Bittencourt
1988 - Vitória ES - Solo, at Galeria Usina
1989 - Crest (France) - Solo, at Fondation Stahly
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Thomas Cohn
1990 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Funarte: Galeria Sérgio Milliet
1992 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Imagens do Fogo, at MAM/RJ
1992 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Solo, at Galeria Thomas Cohn
1992 - Salvador BA - Imagens do Fogo, at MAM/BA
1994 - Paris (France) - Solo, at Galerie Charles Sablon
1995 - Curitiba PR - A Revolta, at Jardim Botânico
1995 - Curitiba PR - A Revolta, at Museu Metropolitano de Arte
1995 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Nas Trilhas da Grande Mãe: New Images of Life and Death, at Fundação Casa França-Brasil
1996 - Paris (France) - Moment d'Ailleurs: Photographs by Frans Krajcberg, at Grande Halle de la Villette
1998 - Belo Horizonte MG - Frans Krajcberg: Resonances, at Itaú Cultural
1998 - Seoul (South Korea) - Imagens da Revolta
2003 - São Paulo SP - Reemerging Landscapes, at CCBB
2008 - São Paulo SP - Frans Krajcberg: Natura, at MAM/SP

Group Exhibitions

1950 - São Paulo SP - Modern Brazilian Artists, at Theatro Municipal
1950 - São Paulo SP - O. D. A. Exhibition, at IAB/SP
1951 - São Paulo SP - 1st São Paulo International Biennial, at Pavilhão do Trianon
1951 - São Paulo SP - 1st São Paulo Salon of Modern Art, at Galeria Prestes Maia
1952 - São Paulo SP - 2nd São Paulo Salon of Modern Art, at Galeria Prestes Maia
1953 - São Paulo SP - 2nd São Paulo International Biennial, at Pavilhão dos Estados
1954 - São Paulo SP - 3rd São Paulo Salon of Modern Art, at Galeria Prestes Maia - acquisition prize
1954 - São Paulo SP - Contemporary Art: exhibition of the São Paulo Museum of Modern Art collection, at MAM/SP
1955 - São Paulo SP - 3rd São Paulo International Biennial, at Pavilhão das Nações
1955 - São Paulo SP - 4th São Paulo Salon of Modern Art, at Galeria Prestes Maia
1955 - São Paulo SP - 5th São Paulo Salon of Modern Art - bronze medal
1956 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Group Exhibition with Milton Dacosta and Maria Leontina, at Petite Galerie
1957 - Buenos Aires (Argentina) - Modern Art from Brazil
1957 - Lima (Peru) - Modern Art from Brazil
1957 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 6th National Salon of Modern Art - jury exemption
1957 - Rosario (Argentina) - Modern Art from Brazil
1957 - Santiago (Chile) - Modern Art from Brazil
1957 - São Paulo SP - 4th São Paulo International Biennial, at Pavilhão Ciccilo Matarazzo Sobrinho - best Brazilian painter award
1957 - São Paulo SP - 6th São Paulo Salon of Modern Art, at Galeria Prestes Maia - acquisition prize
1957 - São Paulo SP - Leirner Contemporary Art Prize, at Galeria de Arte das Folhas
1959 - Leverkusen (Germany) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1959 - London (UK) - Group Exhibition with Piza and Paulo Chaves, at Drian Gallery
1959 - Munich (Germany) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe, at Kunsthaus
1959 - São Paulo SP - 40 Artists from Brazil, at Galeria São Luís
1959 - Vienna (Austria) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1960 - Hamburg (Germany) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1960 - Lisbon (Portugal) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1960 - Madrid (Spain) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1960 - Paris (France) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1960 - Utrecht (Netherlands) - First Collective Exhibition of Brazilian Artists in Europe
1961 - New York (USA) - Group Exhibition, at Rose Fried Gallery
1961 - Paris (France) - O Relevo, at Galerie du XX Siécle
1961 - Paris (France) - Salon Comparaisons
1961 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st Face and Work, at Galeria Ibeu Copacabana
1961 - São Paulo SP - 6th São Paulo International Biennial, at Pavilhão Ciccilo Matarazzo Sobrinho
1962 - Colorado (USA) - New Art from Brazil
1962 - Minneapolis (USA) - New Art from Brazil, at Walker Art Center
1962 - Paris (France) - Artists of the Americas, at Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
1962 - Paris (France) - École de Paris, at Galerie Charpentier
1962 - Paris (France) - Latin American Art Exhibition in Paris, at Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
1962 - San Francisco (USA) - New Art from Brazil
1962 - São Paulo SP - Selection of Brazilian Artworks from the Ernesto Wolf Collection, at MAM/SP
1962 - St. Louis (USA) - New Art from Brazil
1963 - Paris (France) - 7 Brazilian Artists of the École de Paris, at Galerie du XX Siécle
1963 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st JB Art Summary, at Jornal do Brasil
1963 - São Paulo SP - 7th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1964 - London (UK) - Adventure in Ibiza, at Leicester Gallery
1964 - London (UK) - Group Exhibition, at Center for Advanced Creative Studies
1964 - Venice (Italy) - 32nd Venice Biennale - City of Venice Award
1965 - Cannes (France) - Brazilian Painters, Sculptors, Printmakers, at Galerie Cavalero
1965 - Lisbon (Portugal) - Salon Comparaisons
1965 - Paris (France) - Latin American Art Exhibition in Paris, at Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
1965 - Paris (France) - Salon Comparaisons
1965 - Prague (Czechoslovakia, now Czech Republic) - Salon Comparaisons
1965 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 3rd JB Art Summary, at MAM/RJ
1965 - São Paulo SP - 8th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1966 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 4th JB Art Summary, at MAM/RJ
1966 - Salvador BA - 1st National Biennial of Visual Arts - special room
1967 - Paris (France) - Forms and Places, at Galerie Maywald
1968 - Paris (France) - White Exhibition, at Galerie La Hune
1968 - Paris (France) - Young Sculpture Salon
1968 - Paris (France) - Salon Comparaisons
1968 - Saint-Paul de Vence (France) - Living Art, at Fondation Maeght
1969 - Montreal (Canada) - Art and Matter
1969 - Paris (France) - 25th Salon de Mai, at Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
1969 - Paris (France) - Salon de Mai
1969 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 7th JB Art Summary, at MAM/RJ
1970 - Ingelheim am Reim (Germany) - Brazilian Days
1970 - Menton (France) - 8th Biennale of Menton
1970 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Exhibition, at Petite Galerie
1971 - Paris (France) - Paintings and Objects, at Musée Galliera
1971 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 9th JB Art Summary, at MAM/RJ
1972 - São Paulo SP - 4th Panorama of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1972 - São Paulo SP - Art/Brazil/Today: 50 Years Later, at Galeria Collectio
1973 - Paris (France) - Seven Brazilian Artists, at Galerie du XX Siécle
1973 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - International Vanguard, at Galeria Ibeu Copacabana
1974 - St. Etienne (France) - Minimal Art, at Musée d'Art et d'Industrie
1977 - Belo Horizonte MG - 5th Global Winter Salon, at Fundação Palácio das Artes
1977 - Brasília DF - 5th Global Winter Salon
1977 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 2nd Arte Agora: Vision of the Land, at MAM/RJ
1977 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 5th Global Winter Salon, at MNBA
1977 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Outdoor Sculpture, at Galeria de Arte Sesc Tijuca
1977 - São Paulo SP - 14th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1977 - São Paulo SP - 5th Global Winter Salon, at MASP
1978 - São Paulo SP - Biennials and Abstraction: The 1950s, at Museu Lasar Segall
1979 - São Paulo SP - 15th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1980 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Homage to Mário Pedrosa, at Galeria Jean Boghici
1981 - Belo Horizonte MG - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at Palácio das Artes
1981 - Brasília DF - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at ECT Galeria de Arte
1981 - Curitiba PR - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at Casa da Gravura Solar do Barão
1981 - Florianópolis SC - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at MASC
1981 - Guarujá SP - Outdoor Sculpture, at Hotel Jequitimar
1981 - Porto Alegre RS - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at MARGS
1981 - Recife PE - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at MAM/PE
1981 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at MAM/RJ
1981 - Salvador BA - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at Teatro Castro Alves
1981 - São Paulo SP - Hilton Highlights in Printmaking, at MAM/SP
1982 - Lisbon (Portugal) - Brazil 60 Years of Modern Art: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection, at Centro de Arte Moderna José de Azeredo Perdigão
1982 - London (UK) - Brazil 60 Years of Modern Art: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection, at Barbican Art Gallery
1983 - Stockholm (Sweden) - Inter First Exposition
1983 - Montevideo (Uruguay) - 1st Ibero-American Print Biennale, at Museo de Arte Contemporáneo - awarded
1983 - Paris (France) - International Contemporary Art Fair
1984 - Stockholm (Sweden) - Inter First Exposition
1984 - Havana (Cuba) - 1st Havana Biennale, at Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes
1984 - London (UK) - Inter Contemporary Art Fair
1984 - Madrid (Spain) - Contemporary Art, at Galeria Arco
1984 - Paris (France) - Face à Machine, at Galerie Belechasse
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Wood, Matter of Art, at MAM/RJ
1984 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Contemporary Brazilian Painting, at Espaço Petrobras
1984 - São Paulo SP - Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection: Portraits and Self-Portraits of Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1984 - São Paulo SP - Tradition and Rupture: Synthesis of Brazilian Art and Culture, at Fundação Bienal
1985 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 8th National Salon of Visual Arts, at MAM/RJ
1985 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Encounters, at Petite Galerie
1985 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Commemorative Exhibition, at Galeria Bonino
1985 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Six Decades of Modern Art: Roberto Marinho Collection, at Paço Imperial
1986 - Fortaleza CE - 1st International Exhibition of Ephemeral Sculptures, at Fundação Demócrito Rocha
1986 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - JK and the 1950s: a view of culture and daily life, at Galeria Investiarte
1987 - Paris (France) - Group Exhibition on Works on Paper, at Galerie Charles Sablon
1987 - Paris (France) - Modernity: 20th Century Brazilian Art, at Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
1987 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - To the Collector: Homage to Gilberto Chateaubriand, at MAM/RJ
1987 - São Paulo SP - Working with the Medium: Painting, Cutting and Object, with works by nine Brazilian artists, at Documenta Galeria de Arte
1988 - New York (USA) - Brazil Projects, at P.S.1
1988 - São Paulo SP - 19th Panorama of Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1988 - São Paulo SP - Modernity: 20th Century Brazilian Art, at MAM/SP
1988 - Seoul (South Korea) - Masters of Contemporary Sculpture, at Hundai Gallery
1989 - Lisbon (Portugal) - Six Decades of Brazilian Modern Art: Roberto Marinho Collection, at Centro de Arte Moderna José de Azeredo Perdigão
1989 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow, at Galeria de Arte Centro Empresarial Rio
1989 - São Paulo SP - 20th São Paulo International Biennial, at Fundação Bienal
1990 - Middlebury (USA) - Spirit and Nature: Visions of Interdependence, at Middlebury College
1991 - São Paulo SP - The Forest, at MAC/USP
1991 - São Paulo SP - Baendereck - Krajcberg, at Banco Real
1992 - Curitiba PR - 10th Curitiba Printmaking Exhibition/America Show, at Museu da Gravura
1992 - New York (USA) - Exhibition, at MoMA
1992 - Paris (France) - Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century, at Centre Georges Pompidou
1992 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st On the Way to Niterói: João Sattamini Collection, at Paço Imperial
1992 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Sculpture 92: Seven Expressions, at Espaço RB1
1992 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Nature: Four Centuries of Art in Brazil, at CCBB
1992 - Salvador BA - Exhibition, at MAM/BA
1992 - São Paulo SP - Dominant White, at Escritório de Arte São Paulo
1992 - Seville (Spain) - Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century, at Estación Plaza de Armas
1992 - Zurich (Switzerland) - Brazil: Discovery and Self-Discovery, at Kunsthaus Zürich
1993 - Cologne (Germany) - Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century, at Kunsthalle Cologne
1993 - Niterói RJ - 2nd On the Way to Niterói: João Sattamini Collection, at MAC-Niterói
1993 - New York (USA) - Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century, at MoMA
1993 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazil: 100 Years of Modern Art, at MNBA
1993 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Art in the World. A Trajectory: 24 Brazilian Artists, at Dan Galeria
1994 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Modern Art: A Selection from the Roberto Marinho Collection, at MASP
1994 - São Paulo SP - Prints: Subtleties and Mysteries, Printing Techniques, at Pinacoteca do Estado
1994 - São Paulo SP - The New Travelers, at Sesc Pompéia
1994 - São Paulo SP - Poetics of Resistance: Aspects of Brazilian Printmaking, at Galeria de Arte do Sesi
1995 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazilian Modern Art and Decoration, at Rio Design Center
1996 - Brasília DF - Four Contemporary Brazilian Master Sculptors, at Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Palácio do Itamaraty
1996 - Niterói RJ - Contemporary Brazilian Art in the João Sattamini Collection, at MAC-Niterói
1996 - Paris (France) - Villette-Amazone: Manifesto for the Environment in the 21st Century, at Grand Halle de la Villette
1996 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - 1st Brahma Reciclarte, at Jardim Botânico
1996 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Art: 50 Years in the MAC/USP Collection: 1920-1970, at MAC/USP
1996 - São Paulo SP - Brazil: A Refuge in the Tropics, at CCSP
1997 - Niterói RJ - Between Sculptures and Objects, at MAC-Niterói
1997 - São Paulo SP - Diversity in Contemporary Brazilian Sculpture, at Avenida Paulista
1997 - São Paulo SP - Brazilian Sculpture: Profile of an Identity, at Espaço Cultural Safra
1997 - São Paulo SP - Nine Artists of Jewish Origin, at Galeria Municipal
1997 - São Paulo SP - Three-Dimensionality in 20th Century Brazilian Art, at Itaú Cultural
1997 - Washington D.C. (USA) - Brazilian Sculpture: Profile of an Identity, at BID Cultural Center
1998 - Belo Horizonte MG - Three-Dimensionality in 20th Century Brazilian Art, at Itaú Cultural
1998 - Brasília DF - Three-Dimensionality in 20th Century Brazilian Art, at Itaú Galeria
1998 - Middlebury (USA) - Artistic Imagination and Ecological Values, at Middlebury College Museum of Art
1998 - Niterói RJ - Mirror of the Biennale, at MAC-Niterói
1998 - Paris (France) - Inaugural Group Exhibition at Musée de Montparnasse
1998 - Paris (France) - Être Nature, at Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain
1998 - Penápolis SP - Three-Dimensionality in 20th Century Brazilian Art, at Galeria Itaú Cultural
1998 - São Paulo SP - Amazonas, at Itaú Cultural
1998 - São Paulo SP - Canibáliafetiva, at A Estufa
1998 - São Paulo SP - The Modern and the Contemporary in Brazilian Art: Gilberto Chateaubriand Collection - MAM/RJ, at MASP
1998 - São Paulo SP - São Paulo: 50, at Biblioteca Municipal Mário de Andrade
1999 - Paris (France) - Les Champs de la Sculpture, at Champs-Elysées
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Amazonas, at Espaço Cultural dos Correios
1999 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Rio Printmaking Exhibition: Modern Brazilian Prints: MNBA Collection, at MNBA
2000 - Lisbon (Portugal) - 20th Century: Art from Brazil, at Centro de Arte Moderna José de Azeredo Perdigão
2000 - Niterói RJ - Sattamini Collection: From Materials to Internal Differences, at MAC-Niterói
2000 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brasilidades, at Centro Cultural Light
2000 - São Paulo SP - Brazil + 500 Exhibition of Rediscovery. Contemporary Art, at Fundação Bienal
2001 - Porto Alegre RS - Liba and Rubem Knijnik Collection: Contemporary Brazilian Art, at MARGS
2001 - São Paulo SP - Trajectory of Light in Brazilian Art, at Itaú Cultural
2002 - Niterói RJ - Works on Paper, at MAC-Niterói
2002 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Paths of the Contemporary 1952-2002, at Paço Imperial
2002 - São Paulo SP - Modernism: From the Week of 22 to Sérgio Milliet’s Art Section, at CCSP
2003 - Niterói RJ - Appropriations, at MAC-Niterói
2003 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Order x Freedom, at MAM/RJ
2003 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Treasures of Caixa: Brazilian Modern Art in Caixa Collection, at Conjunto Cultural da Caixa
2003 - São Paulo SP - Art and Society: A Controversial Relationship, at Itaú Cultural
2003 - São Paulo SP - Sculptors - Sculptures, at Pinakotheke
2004 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - The Century of a Brazilian: Roberto Marinho Collection, at Paço Imperial
2004 - São Paulo SP - Abstraction as Language: Profile of a Collection, at Pinakotheke
2004 - São Paulo SP - Cabinet of Paper, at CCSP
2005 - São Paulo SP - The Century of a Brazilian: Roberto Marinho Collection, at MAM/SP
2007 - São Paulo SP - Itaú Contemporary: Art in Brazil, at Itaú Cultural